separate Red, Green, and Blue video signals.
When combined, they make up a complete color image.
The quality of the final image depends upon size of the signals (4-bit, 8-bit, 16-bit or 24-bit).
At 24-bit resolution, the image is considered
"true-color" and when displayed on a high
resolution display, is "photo-realistic".
YUV
A form of defining color using two chrominance values
(U and V) and one luminance value (Y). An alternative to RGB
coding, it is more efficient in transmitting video signals.
Luminance is the brightness value of the signal.
Chrominance is coded as U = Blue signal - Y, and
V = Red signal - Y. Green signals can be extracted
using only these two signals. This method of coding
uses less than 67 percent
of the bandwidth of RGB, but is
more complex.
Analogue Television
NTSC
National Television Standard Committee.
The color system used in the United States and North America.
The field rate for NTSC is 60 Hz with 525 lines per screen.
Color information is transmitted on a
subcarrier at 3.5 MHz, using straight phase and
amplitude modulation.
PAL
Phase Alternate Lock. A TV color system used in most of Europe except for France.
The field rate for PAL is 50 Hz with 625 lines per screen.
Color information
is inverted on alternate scan lines.
The subcarrier frequency is 4.43 MHz.
PAL+ is an extension that accommodates both 4:3 and 16:9 aspect ratio.
SECAM
Sequential Color and Memory System. A TV color
system used primarily in France, Russia and the former states of the USSR.
Digital Video Storage and Transmission
JPEG
Joint Photographics Experts Group, a defining body of the CCTTT.
JPEG is a video still-frame standard for compression.
